"Indus Basin Treaty and Ayub Khan," opposing the 1960 water-sharing agreement

Sub title : Indus Waters Treaty -- Pakistan -- Opposition -- Water Rights -- Correspondence | Indus Waters Treaty -- Ayub Khan -- Criticism -- Correspondence | Ayub Khan -- Indus Waters Treaty -- Pakistan -- Water Rights -- Correspondence | Pakistan -- Indus Waters Treaty -- Water Resources -- Political Aspects | Pakistan -- River Rights -- India -- Indus Waters Treaty | India -- Pakistan -- Water Dispute -- Indus Basin | Pakistan -- Irrigation -- Dependence -- Indus Waters Treaty | Pakistan -- Water Resources -- Political Aspects -- 1960

Subject: Ayub Khan | Indus Basin Treaty | Pakistan-India Relations | Water Rights

Language: English

Page: 8 p.

Source: National Archives of Pakistan

Serial no: 29437

Keyword: Ayub Khan, Indus Basin Treaty, Nehru, Pakistan, India, Water Rights, Mangla Dam, Tarbela Dam, World Bank, Kashmir

Abstract: This document strongly criticizes President Ayub Khan for signing the Indus Basin Treaty with Mr. Nehru on September 19, 1960, presenting it as the "doom of Pakistan." The author argues that the treaty surrendered the Ravi, Beas, and Sutluj rivers entirely to India, leaving them as dry ditches for Pakistan, and indirectly accepted India's rights over Kashmir by allowing water withdrawal from the Chenab, Jhelum, and Sind rivers. It details the massive, forced construction program Pakistan must undertake—including seven link canals, five barrages, and the Mangla and Tarbela dams—costing over 300 crores of rupees, to replace the lost water. The document warns that this will lead to waterlogging, inflation, and dependence on the World Bank, while India obtained these waters almost free.

Description: This document is a critique of the Indus Basin Treaty, signed by President Ayub Khan on September 19, 1960. The author argues that the treaty was falsely presented as a boon but was actually the "doom of Pakistan," as it surrendered the Ravi, Beas, and Sutluj rivers to India and accepted India's rights over Kashmir indirectly. The document details the colossal construction program Pakistan is forced to undertake, including seven link canals, five barrages, and the Mangla and Tarbela dams, at a cost of over 300 crores of rupees, which will create problems like waterlogging and inflation. It also criticizes the financial burden, noting that India paid only 63 crores while Pakistan received Rs. 900 crores as a loan with stringent conditions, and that the funds are controlled by the World Bank, leaving Pakistan with no authority over the Indus Basin Funds. SCANNED BY: NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF PAKISTAN.

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